Who Is Right in the Israel-Palestine Conflict? Explained

In Explainer News by Newsroom28-08-2025

Who Is Right in the Israel-Palestine Conflict? Explained

The question of who is right between Israel and Palestine has been one of the most debated and emotionally charged issues in modern history. For decades, the world has witnessed a struggle that has claimed countless lives, uprooted millions, and caused deep suffering.

At its heart, this is not only a political conflict but a human tragedy. It is about the dispossession of a people, the denial of their basic rights, and the fight for their homeland.

To truly understand who is right, we must move beyond slogans and headlines. We need to look closely at the history, the laws, and the lived experiences of those most affected. When we do this, the picture becomes much clearer.

A Brief History of the Land

Before 1948, the land historically known as Palestine was home to a diverse population of Arabs, including Muslims, Christians, and Jews. For centuries, these communities coexisted, sharing the same cities, markets, and traditions. That harmony began to change under the British Mandate after World War I, when Jewish immigration to the region increased. Many of these immigrants were fleeing persecution in Europe, particularly during and after the Holocaust.

The tragedy of Jewish suffering is undeniable, but the way the state of Israel was created came at the expense of the indigenous Palestinian population. In 1947, the United Nations proposed dividing the land into two states, one Jewish and one Arab. 

The plan gave a majority of the land to the Jewish state, even though Jewish people were a minority at the time. Palestinians rejected the plan, viewing it as unfair and unjust. 

The following year, war broke out, and over 750,000 Palestinians were expelled or fled from their homes. This mass displacement became known as the Nakba, meaning catastrophe in Arabic.

The Nakba and Its Ongoing Legacy

The Nakba was not a one-time event but the beginning of a tragedy that continues today. Palestinian villages were emptied, homes were destroyed, and families were scattered across refugee camps in neighboring countries. Many still keep the keys to the homes they lost as symbols of hope and justice.

Generations have grown up in exile, unable to return to their ancestral lands. International law affirms the right of refugees to return, yet this right has been consistently denied to Palestinians. The Nakba lives on in the collective memory of the Palestinian people, fueling their determination to resist displacement and reclaim their rights.

The Occupation and International Law

After the 1967 war, Israel occupied the West Bank, EastJerusalem, and Gaza. These areas are recognized by the United Nations as occupied Palestinian territories. 

International law, including the Fourth Geneva Convention, clearly prohibits an occupying power from transferring its population into occupied territory. Yet Israel has continued to build and expand settlements in these areas.

These settlements take Palestinian land, limit access to resources, and divide communities. They are one of the biggest obstacles to achieving a lasting peace. 

Despite repeated UN resolutions calling for an end to settlement construction, Israel has ignored these demands, further entrenching the occupation.

Life Under Occupation

Palestinians in the West Bank live under a web of restrictions. Checkpoints, military patrols, and separation barriers make movement difficult. Even traveling short distances can take hours due to inspections and roadblocks. Farmers struggle to reach their fields, students face delays in getting to school, and patients have difficulty reaching hospitals.

In Gaza, the situation is even more desperate. Israel maintains a blockade that limits the entry of goods and people. This blockade has created a humanitarian crisis, crippling the economy and leaving many without adequate healthcare, clean water, or electricity. The United Nations has warned that Gaza could become uninhabitable if conditions do not improve.

Human Rights Violations

Major human rights organizations, including Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, have accused Israel of committing crimes of apartheid. 

This term refers to a system of governance that discriminates against one group in favor of another. In the occupied territories, Palestinians face different laws, courts, and restrictions than Israeli settlers.

Home demolitions are common, often carried out as punishment or to make way for settlement expansion. Arbitrary arrests, including of children, are frequently reported. 

Peaceful protests are often met with tear gas, rubber bullets, or live ammunition. These are not isolated cases but part of a consistent pattern documented over decades.

The Self-Defense Argument

Israel often frames its actions as self-defense. While every state has the right to protect its citizens, this does not justify disproportionate force against civilians. 

International law requires military action to distinguish between combatants and civilians and to be proportionate to the threat faced.

In many Israeli military operations, large numbers of civilian casualties have been recorded, including children. Airstrikes have destroyed entire neighborhoods, leaving thousands homeless. 

These actions raise serious questions about whether they are truly defensive or are part of maintaining control over Palestinian territory.

Why the World Should Care

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is not only a regional issue but a global moral challenge. It tests the international community’s commitment to human rights, equality, and justice. 

Turning a blind eye to the suffering of Palestinians undermines these principles everywhere.

Prolonged injustice fuels instability. As long as Palestinians are denied their rights, peace will remain out of reach. 

Supporting Palestinian freedom is not about taking sides in a political rivalry but about standing for basic human dignity and fairness.

Who Is Right?

Looking at the facts, the history, and the reality on the ground, the Palestinians have the stronger claim to justice. 

Their struggle is about survival, identity, and the right to live freely in their homeland. They are not seeking to deny Israel’s existence but to secure their own.

Israel, as the occupying power, has the greater responsibility to end the conflict. This means ending the occupation, halting settlement expansion, and recognizing Palestinian rights. Real peace will only come when Palestinians are treated as equals under the law.

The Role of the International Community

The international community must move beyond words and take meaningful action. This includes holding Israel accountable for violations of international law and supporting Palestinian development. Economic measures, diplomatic pressure, and humanitarian aid can all be part of a strategy to promote justice.

Countries that genuinely care about peace and stability should use their influence to push for a fair resolution. Without such efforts, the cycle of violence and displacement will continue.

A Vision for the Future

The future does not have to be one of endless conflict. Palestinians and Israelis could live side by side in peace if there is equality, justice, and mutual respect. This vision requires courage, compromise, and a willingness to confront the truth about the past.

Peace will only be possible when the root causes of the conflict are addressed. This means recognizing the Nakba, ending the occupation, and granting Palestinians the same rights enjoyed by Israelis. Without these steps, peace will remain a distant dream.

FAQ

Why do Palestinians claim the land as theirs?

Palestinians have lived on the land for centuries. They view themselves as the indigenous population whose families, homes, and livelihoods were taken during the creation of Israel in 1948 and the subsequent occupation.

Is Israel’s occupation legal under international law?

No. The United Nations and international law recognize the West Bank, Gaza, and East Jerusalem as occupied Palestinian territories. The building of settlements there violates the Fourth Geneva Convention.

Do Palestinians want to destroy Israel?

No. The Palestinian movement is about securing freedom, dignity, and the right to live in their homeland. While some fringe groups may call for Israel’s destruction, this is not the mainstream Palestinian position.

Why does the world not act more decisively?

Many countries have political and economic ties with Israel, making them hesitant to apply real pressure. Others fear being drawn into a politically sensitive issue. However, without action, the situation will not improve.

Israel-Palestine Conflict Explained: Who Is Right?